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21.
TOGA—COARE强化观测期间,对赤道暖池区海流作了多种方法、多层次的观测;根据美国释放的漂流浮标不同时刻位置的资料,分别对赤道及其南、北海域的表层漂流状况作了计算分析,指出:从1°N向北存在单一的北向流;从1°N~1°S这个近赤道区域内为东向流;1°N~2°S区域为过渡区,以东向流为主,个别浮标出现涡旋状运动。2°S以南为一反时针运动的大涡旋。 相似文献
22.
“暖池”表层对大气局地强迫的响应特征 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
利用湍流动能垂直混合模式和TOGA-COARE加强观测期的观测资料,对“暖池”上混合层的垂直混合过程进行数值试验和数值模拟,分析表层温度、盐度的变化特征。结果表明:TKE模式可以较好地模拟混层,尤其是表层温度、盐度对大气局地强迫的响应;太阳辐射是热源,感热、潜热通量等会造成“暖池”上混合层的温度降低,“暖池”对大气释放热量;降水有利于“淡水盖”形成和维持,从则使层结稳定,SST升高。但在气温低于海 相似文献
23.
赤道西太平洋末次盛冰期以来的浮游有孔虫氧碳稳定同位素记录 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
对西太平洋暖池核心区MD01—2386柱状样最上部5m进行了高分辨率的浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber和Pulleniatina obliquiloculata的氧、碳稳定同位素分析,结合AMS^14C测年,研究表明其属于末次盛冰期-全新世的沉积。赤道西太平洋海区末次盛冰期以来δ^18O值显著降低,但有几次回返事件。表层浮游有孔虫G.ruber比次表层温跃层属种P.obliquiloculata对于环境变化的响应要快,但后者变化的幅度较大。这两个种的氧、碳同位素差值反映出温跃层深度自末次盛冰期以来逐渐加深,并存在周期性的回返事件,说明西太平洋暖池晚第四纪冰期旋回存在气候不稳定性。 相似文献
24.
The Current System in the Yellow and East China Seas 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
During the 1990s, our knowledge and understanding of the current system in the Yellow and East China Seas have grown significantly
due primarily to new technologies for measuring surface currents and making high-resolution three-dimensional numerical model
calculations. One of the most important new findings in this decade is direct evidence of the northward current west of Kyushu
provided by satellite-tracked surface drifters. In the East China Sea shelf region, these recent studies indicate that in
winter the Tsushima Warm Current has a single source, the Kuroshio Branch Current in the west of Kyushu, which transports
a mixture of Kuroshio Water and Changjiang River Diluted Water northward. In summer the surface Tsushima Warm Current has
multiple sources, i.e., the Taiwan Warm Current, the Kuroshio Branch Current to the north of Taiwan, and the Kuroshio Branch
Current west of Kyushu. The summer surface circulation pattern in the East China Sea shelf region changes year-to-year corresponding
to interannual variations in Changjiang River discharge. Questions concerning the Yellow Sea Warm Current, the Chinese Coastal
Current in the Yellow Sea, the current field southwest of Kyushu, and the deep circulation in the Okinawa Trough remain to
be addressed in the next decade.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
25.
西太平洋暖池区气象学特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文根据TOGA-COARE强化观测资料及卫星资料分析讨论了西太平洋暖池区11-2月间海面气象要素的平均特征。分析发现海面气压平均日变化似乎同中纬度区明显不同。文中还分析讨论了在西太暖池区西风爆发、赤道浅涡、信风逆温及ITCE和南太平洋辐合带SPCZ的变化特征。 相似文献
26.
Ana Luisa Rosa Yutaka Isoda Kazuyuki Uehara Tomokazu Aiki 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(4):573-588
Hydrographic data and composite current velocity data (ADCP and GEK) were used to examine the seasonal variations of upper-ocean
flow in the southern sea area of Hokkaido, which includes the “off-Doto” and “Hidaka Bay” areas separated by Cape Erimo. During
the heating season (April–September), the outflow of the Tsugaru Warm Current (TWC) from the Tsugaru Strait first extends
north-eastward, and then one branch of TWC turns to the west along the shelf slope after it approaches the Hidaka Shelf. The
main flow of TWC evolves continuously, extending eastward as far as the area off Cape Erimo. In the late cooling season (January–March),
part of the Oyashio enters Hidaka Bay along the shallower part of the shelf slope through the area off Cape Erimo, replacing
almost all of the TWC water, and hence the TWC devolves. It is suggested that the bottom-controlled barotropic flow of the
Oyashio, which may be caused by the small density difference between the Oyashio and the TWC waters and the southward migration
of main front of TWC, permits the Oyashio water to intrude along the Hidaka shelf slope. 相似文献
27.
Ahna L. Van Gaest Craig M. Young John J. Young Alicia R. Helms & Shawn M. Arellano 《Marine Ecology》2007,28(1):199-207
Bathynerita naticoidea (Gastropoda: Neritidae) and Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae) are two of the most abundant invertebrates associated with cold‐seep mussel beds in the Gulf of Mexico. At the methane seep known as Brine Pool NR‐1 (27 °43.415 N, 91 °16.756 W; 650 m depth), which is surrounded by a broad band of mussels (Bathymodiolus childressi), these species have distinctly different patterns of abundance, with the gastropod being found mostly at the outer edge of the mussel bed (average density in November 2003: 817 individuals·m−2 in outer zone, 20·m−2 in inner zone) and the polychaete being found almost exclusively near the inner edge (average density in November 2003: 3155 individuals·m−2 in inner zone, 0·m−2 in outer zone), adjacent to the brine pool itself. The salinity of the brine pool exceeds 120, so we hypothesized that M. dendrobranchiata should be more tolerant of high salinities than B. naticoidea. The opposite proved to be true. The gastropods were capable of withstanding salinities at least as high as 85, whereas the polychaetes died at salinities higher than 75. Both species were osmoconformers over the range of salinities (35–75) tested. Behavioral responses of B. naticoidea to salinities of 50, 60, and 70 were investigated in inverted vertical haloclines. Gastropods generally did not enter water of salinity greater than 60, but tolerated short periods at 60. Behavioral avoidance of brine should limit the vertical distribution of B. naticoidea in the inner zone to the top 2.5–5 cm of the mussel bed. Behavior is also a likely (though unproven) mechanism for controlling horizontal distribution of this species across the mussel bed. Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata can tolerate short excursions into the brine, but probably avoids hypersaline conditions by aggregating on the tops of the mussels. 相似文献
28.
1980-2000年中国耕作土壤有机碳的动态变化 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
通过分析我国1980年来耕作土壤有机质的实测数据,对比研究了90年代末和80年代初两个时段土壤有机碳密度的变化特征,并对变化的原因和未来发展趋势进行了探讨。结果表明,总体上我国实测点位(或区域)耕作土壤平均有机碳密度在此期间略有增加。其中,华北黄淮海潮土和褐土区、下辽河平原棕壤农业区和长江以南的水稻土区增幅分别达19%(0.24 kg/m2)、14%(0.29 kg/m2)和16%(0.29 kg/m2);相反,云南砖红壤区、东北和内蒙的黑土和黑钙土区有机碳损失,下降幅度分别达27%(1.01 kg/m2)和3%(0.11 kg/m2)。黄土高原的黑垆土和黄绵土区,山西北部的褐土区、新疆西北部的灌耕土区没有明显变化。两时段有机碳密度的空间分布与气候带总体一致,但20年间有机碳含量变化与80年代初的初始含量呈显著负相关。有机碳含量在低值区增加与近年来农田轮作、施肥和灌溉面积增加等农作措施的改善有关,而高值区的下降则与耕作时间短、强度大和初始含量高有关。根据现有耕作土壤与未耕作状态的碳损失状况估算,如果能在未来30~50年通过合理的农业措施使土壤有机碳损失量恢复50%,则华北、西北、华中南、西南和东北地区分别可能具有约51%、26%、7%、17%和30%的增长空间,指示我国耕作土壤具有较大的碳汇潜力。 相似文献
29.